ABSTRACT
Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are relatively common with a prevalence ranging from 3.7 to 17.5 per 1000 live births. Little is known about genetic link with respect to congenital heart disease. Iroquoise (Irx) homeobox genes have been widely studied and their expression in both developing and adult heart. Author tried to study the role of irx4 and irx5 genes in structural congenital heart disease, keeping the focus on study reported by Cheng Z et al.Methods: Author studied reported mutation site sequences in 25 various congenital heart disease patients and control healthy relatives of patients. It is a unique study and there has not been such a study reported in literature till date. Besides comparison with healthy related controls, author took cardiac tissue biopsy in patients while doing corrective cardiac surgery. However, blood samples were taken from controls due to ease of feasibility.Results: Although, there were no sequence variations in the studied exon regions, but author got a base pair sequence change at 6 bp intron region, which is near the exon splice site in irx4 gene. Besides two ASD patient’s male children (one child each) had ASD prompting us to believe some role of sex linkage. However later needs pedigree analysis and sex chromosome studies for further analysis.Conclusions: Gene sequence in the Kashmiri population is unique. There is possibility of role of irx genes in CHD. ASD might have sex linkage in some.
ABSTRACT
Understanding mental attitude is one of the most important factor in the diagnosis of prosthodontic patients. Prosthodontist must fully understand their patients as it helps the patients to accept the kind of treatment they need. As a correlation exists between emotional state and handwriting, therefore, using the concept of graphoanalysis in complete denture patient, they were categorized based on their handwriting analysis into having realistic or unrealistic expectations thereby, helping dentists in dealing with their patients better.
ABSTRACT
Selaginella bryopteris is a lithophyte with remarkable ressurection capabilities. It is full of medicinal properties, hence also known as 'Sanjeevani' (one that infuses life). For lack of credible scientific evidence the plant is not in active use as a medicinal herb. We provide scientific evidence for why S. bryopteris is known as 'Sanjeevani'. The aqueous extract of S. bryopteris possesses growth-promoting activity as well as protective action against stress-induced cell death in a number of experimental cell systems including mammalian cells. Treatment of the cells in culture with 10% aqueous extract enhanced cell growth by about 41% in Sf9 cells and 78% in mammalian cells. Pre-treatment of cells with the Selaginella extract (SE) (1-2.5%) protected against oxidative stress (H2O2) -induced cell death. The killing potential of ultra violet (UV) was also significantly reduced when the cells were pre-treated with SE for 1 h. Thermal radiation suppressed cell growth by about 50%. Pre-treatment of cells with SE for 1 h afforded complete protection against heat-induced growth suppression. SE may possess anti-stress and antioxidant activities that could be responsible for the observed effects. Chemical analysis shows that SE contains hexoses and proteins. Taken together, S. bryopteris extract may help in stress-induced complications including those due to heat shock.
Subject(s)
Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Growth/drug effects , Medicine, Ayurvedic , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Selaginellaceae , Spodoptera , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
The interactions of flavin mononucleotide (riboflavin-5'-monophosphate) with two polypeptides, poly-(α-L-lysine) and poly-(α-L-histidine) in water and 0.05 Μ phosphate buffer were studied by measuring circular dichroism in the pH range 3 to 11. The interation of flavin mononucleotide with the two polypeptides was due to hydrophobic as well as ionic associations and was further influenced by the involvement of the ribityl side chain. The results of the present study have shown that small changes in the environmental conditions of the interacting molecules could modify their mode of interaction considerably.